Food for Thought: Diet, Weight, and Blood Glucose

---

Long-term effects of popular dietary approaches on weight loss and features of insulin resistance, by K.A. McAuley and colleagues. Int J Obes 30:342–349, 2006.

What is the problem and what is known about it so far?

People who want to lose weight often try many different diets -- high-carbohydrate/high-fiber diets; high-fat diets; and high-protein diets are popular. However, it is unknown what long-term effects these diets have on a person's health.

Why did the researchers do this particular study?

The researchers wanted to study the long-term effects of popular diets on weight loss and insulin resistance (the inability of the body to handle glucose in the blood like it should).

Who was studied?

The study included 93 overweight women with insulin resistance.

How was the study done?

Participants had a physical exam, including measurements of height and weight. They were asked to follow either a high-fat diet, a high-protein diet, or a high-carbohydrate/high-fiber diet. Participants remained on their particular diet for 12 months.

What did the researchers find?

Women in the high-protein and high-carbohydrate/high-fiber groups lost weight, reduced their waist size, and had improved levels of fats in the blood and ability to handle glucose. Those who were on the high-fat diet gained weight and their waists grew larger.

What were the limitations of the study?

Many women didn't stick with the special diets for the whole 12 months. The study included only women, so it may not apply to men. All the participants had insulin resistance, so it may not apply to people who do not have that condition.

What are the implications of the study?

A high-protein or high-carbohydrate diet may help reduce weight and improve the body's ability to handle glucose. Whatever diet a person follows, it's important to eat enough fiber, which could be lacking in a high-protein diet.

FOR MORE INFORMATION

All About Insulin Resistance (PDF)

Your Guide to Eating Out

Diabetes Carbohydrate and Fat Gram Guide